Man’s Impact on the Environment Essay

Pollution is the presence or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects. It is created mostly by human actions, but can also be a result of natural disasters. Pollution has a detrimental effect on every living organism in the environment, making it increasingly unsustainable for living organisms in the environment. to sustain life. Pollution harms the Earth’s environment and its inhabitants in many ways. The three main types of pollution are: Land Pollution, Air Pollution and Water Pollution. Read more: Bad Effects of Various Festivals on the Environment Land Pollution Land pollution is the degradation of Earth’s land surfaces often caused by human activities (industrial, commercial, domestic and agricultural) and their misuse of land resources. Land pollution is caused by the following:- †¢Chemical and nuclear plants †¢Industrial factories †¢Oil refineries †¢Human sewage †¢Oil †¢Mining †¢Littering †¢Overcrowded landfills †¢Deforestation †¢Construction debris †¢Non – biodegradable waste †¢Insecticides and Herbicides Chemical and Nuclear Plants Chemical and nuclear power plants produce waste materials. Some end up in landfills and other less safe storage facilities. Some leak, causing contamination of soil for hundreds of years before it is safe to grow crops on them again. Non – Biodegradable Waste Examples of these include: Mercury and Led. Harmful substances accumulate on the land and in turn become detrimental to the health of organisms not only on land, but animals in the air and in water. Insecticides and Biodegradable Most commonly used in the Agriculture Industry. These artificial methods of ridding plants and animals of pests and insects accumulate in organisms through the food chain which sometimes causes a death in the top consumers which further results in a destruction of the food chains and mutations.

Marie Curie

She discovered the mysterious element radium. It opened the door to deep changes In the e way scientists think about matter and energy. She also led the way to a new era for medical Knowles edge and the treatment of diseases-Curie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only y woman to win the award In two different fields (physics and chemistry).Curie's efforts, with her hush band Pierre Curie, deed to the discovery of polonium and radium and, after Pierce's death, the developed NT of Grays. She was fascinated with the work of Henry Becquerel, a French physicals who discovered t hat uranium casts off rays, weaker rays than the grays found by Wilhelm Roentgen. Curie took Becquerel's work a few steps further, conducting her own experiments on uranium rays. She discovered that the rays remained constant, no matter the condition or form of the our annum.The rays, he theorized, came from the element's atomic structure. This revolutionary idea cream Ted the field of atomic phy sics and Curie herself coined the word radioactivity to describe the phone mean. Working with the mineral pitchblende, the pair discovered a new radioactive element in 1898. They named the element polonium. They also detected the presence of another radioactive material I n the pitchblende, and called that radium.In 1902, the Curies announced that they had produced a decide ram of pure radium, demonstrating its existence as a unique chemical element. With their Nobel Prize win, the Curies developed an international reputation for their scientific efforts, and they used their prize money to continue their research. Curie received another great honor In 1911, winning her sec nod Nobel Prize, this time In chemistry. She was selected for her discovery of radium and polonium, a ND became the first scientist to win two Nobel Prizes.

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder Essay Bipolar Disorder Essay Bipolar affective disorder has been a mystery since the 16th century. History has shown that this disorder can appear in almost anyone. Even the great painter Vincent Van Gogh is believed to have had bipolar disorder. It is clear that in our society many people live with bipolar disorder; however, despite the amount of people suffering from it, we are still waiting for explanations for the causes and cure. The one fact of which we are aware is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because bipolar disorder has such debilitating symptoms, it is important that we keep looking for explanations of its causes and for more ways to treat this disorder. Bipolar has a large variety of symptoms, divided in two categories. One is the manic episodes, the other is depressive. The depressive episodes are characterized by intense feelings of sadness and despair that can turn into feelings of hopelessness and helplessness. Some of the symptoms of a depressive episode include disturbances in sleep and appetite, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, difficulty thinking, indecision, and reoccurring thoughts of death and suicide. The manic episodes are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, poor judgment and insight, and often reckless or irresponsible behavior. These episodes may alternate with profound depressions characterized by a deep sadness, almost inability to move, hopelessness, and disturbances in appetite, sleep, problems with concentrations and driving. Bipolar affective disorder affects approximately one percent of the population (approximately three million people) in the United States. It occurs in both males and females. Bipolar disorder is diagnosed if an episode of mania occurs whether depression has been diagnosed or not. Most commonly, individuals with manic episodes do experience a period of depression. Symptoms include elated, excited, or irritable mood, hyperactivity, pressure of speech, flight of ideas, inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, distractibility, and excessive involvement in reckless activities. As the National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (MDMDA) has found out in their research, bipolar disorder can create marital and family disruptions, occupational setbacks, and financial disasters. Many times, bipolar patients report that the depressions are longer and increase in frequency as the person ages. Many timess bipolar states and psychotic states are misdiagnosed as schizophrenia. The onset of Bipolar disorder usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 30 years of age, with a second peak in the mid-forties for women. A typical bipolar patient may experience eight to ten episodes in their lifetime. However, those who have rapid cycling may experience more episodes of mania and depression that follow each other without a period of remission. The three stages of mania begin with hypomania, in which patients report that they are energetic, extroverted and assertive. Hypomania progresses into mania and the transition is marked by extreme loss of judgment. Often, euphoric grandiose characteristics are displayed, and paranoid or irritable characteristics begin. The third stage of mania is evident when the patient experiences paranoid delusions. Speech is generally rapid and hyperactive behavior sometimes turns into violence. Sometimes both manic and depressive symptoms occur at the same time. This is called a mixed episode. Those affected are at special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that make them feel like they could jump out of their skin. Up to 50% of all patients with mania have a mixture of depressed moods. Patients report feeling dysphoric, depressed, and unhappy; yet, they have the energy associated with mania. Rapid cycling mania is another form of bipolar disorder. Mania may be present with four or more episodes within a 12 month period. Lithium has been the primary treatment of bipolar disorder since its introduction in the 1960s. Its main function is to stabilize the cycling characteristic of bipolar disorder. In four controlled studies by F. K. Goodwin and K. R. Jamison, the overall response rate for bipolar subjects treated with Lithium was 78% (1990). Lithium is also the primary drug used for long- term maintenance of bipolar disorder. .

Water Balance Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Water Balance - Lab Report Example The vegetation and near costal topography of Berkeley is different when compared to the hilly continental Terre Haute which earlier had a facilitating water storage with a longer period. Humid and hot air with high pressure characterize Berkeley, which has dry and hot seasons. The indication to this is through the precipitation levels, which are precipitations less than one centimeter in the region during summer and up to 10 centimeters rise in precipitation in the same region during winter. This simply means that there is a rise in precipitation during winter and a fall during summer. This shifts focus to the earlier mentioned vegetation, which can only survive in one region at a time. When compared to a low-lying coastal stretch California, Indiana has high altitude levels meaning the climatic changes in both regions differ. Precipitation come because of the humid winds that blow from the oceans because of evaporation that continuously take place in oceans. When evaporation takes place in the oceans, winds blowing collect the water in humid form thus bringing about precipitation. The latter statement suggests that without winds there can be no precipitation explaining why precipitation is less in dry areas but very high in moist and icy areas. There is a higher likelihood of Evapotranspiration taking place brought about by high pressure and temperatures. The two figures explain that when there are high speeds of wind, precipitation goes high and vice versa. Therefore, during the months or November to march when the wind speeds are slightly higher than other months, the precipitation levels are high. It is during the months of November to march that high temperature levels force water to turn to vapor which ascends to the atmosphere and falls as conventional rainfall after condensation. Science explains that when water moves up in terms of vapor it

Comparative paper between Socrates and Thomas More trials; Essay

Comparative paper between Socrates and Thomas More trials; - Essay Example This goes against the conscience of many, but the law permits it hence it takes a lot of courage to follow conscience and go against the requirement. Looking at such circumstances one quickly reflects to Saint Thomas More and Socrates. It compels one to dig deep to the cause of their deaths. However, there are several similarities and differences as to what they stood for and how the society perceived them. It is important to note that the comparison between Socrates and Thomas More trials should begin with a brief introduction of the two individuals and a brief background of what transpired during the two trials. Similarly, the similarities and differences will be clear after a thorough analysis of the two scenarios. However, this will be in line with consciousness, belief and religion. Additionally, how these elements are brought out in each case, the similarities and differences or how they were manifested in each trial. Socrates has always been perceived as a wise individual; in fact, he has been considered the face of humanity. However, he created a major impact in the society as a virtuous man due to his high level of education at the time (Arendt and Baehr 397). He was a pagan and sought deeper and true religion beyond the Greek religion; he did not believe much in religion and the worship of gods. The fact that Socrates was a philosopher made him question everything including religion. At that time, most people worshipped gods but he did not believe in them. Nevertheless people treated him with a lot of respect even the learned also acknowledged him. In the ancient days religion played a very critical role in the society. Those who did not follow religion were strongly condemned hence due to this pressure most people worshiped gods. In 406B.C, at the age of sixty-three, he became a member of the by then well-known sub-council called

Global Warming. What Are the Human Behaviors which Hasten Global Essay

Global Warming. What Are the Human Behaviors which Hasten Global Warming - Essay Example Digging out the earth’s resources such as coal, gas and oil also leads burning of fossil fuels which again release one the of greenhouse gases CO. Cutting forests and grass lands and converting them into a living place and use it for farming means letting the stored amounts of carbon enter the atmosphere. This is because those plants stores carbon and cutting down means releasing more and more carbon. This is known as deforestation. Methane is another harmful green house gas which is hundred times more powerful than carbon. Methane is basically is found underwater especially when digging out fossil fuels, landfill and leakage of natural gas. Also, methane is found in the intestines of herbivorous animals so, more live stock means more manure and more manure leads to release of methane. It is also used as the fertilizer in cropping. Another source of methane is gas consuming car which are getting more in use these days. Population is another cause of global warming which means more people requires more food and use of more transportation. Cars burns fossil fuel by consuming oil where as to provide food to such a large population agriculture is a must. In twentieth century farmers started using more chemical fertilizers and machines. These chemical fertilizers are the cause of the development of nitrogen.... (Manoj Kumar, A Cooler Climate) Crake’s decision: Crake’s intentions behind creating the hominids are right as the world really seems to be environmentally devastated and corporation controlled in future. The scientists will keep on experimenting on human without checking it and directly use for genetic treatment which is becoming a threat to the survival of humanity. According to Crake they just want to earn profits and interest without giving a thought to the consequences which will occur to those human beings. Nowadays, in world such is happening. Nuclear weapons are so devastating and bio-products are so dangerous for the survival of human beings. Technology on the other hand is invented for the ease of human but it is used as a tool to earn profits. This world consists of so many problems like pollution, global warming, many pandemic diseases, and war like situation, socio-economic issues. Crake created hominids in order to make this world peaceful and environment friendly creature that loves nature and does not harm each other and there are no such catastrophes. ( Bouson, Bloom, Lin) The culture of violence and pornography is also troubling the world and it is because of the misuse of internet. Pornographic sites are becoming cheaply and easily available everywhere on the internet. Also, sites which shows live coverage suicide and gives easy access to porn sites promotes unethical and moral less people. Games on computer are highly becoming the source of mass destructions for the adolescent and children. They enjoy playing such games which indirectly teaching them violence and feeding in their mind that how to win over anything by killing or destroying everything. Unless, they win and excels in it, they keep on playing with high concentrations.

Gender differences in Business Leadership Style Thesis

Gender differences in Business Leadership Style - Thesis Example This makes them better communicators, more sensitive to other peoples feelings, while their verbal fluency makes them better able to communicate speak well and influence others. Differences in leadership styles: Leadership has traditionally been associated with management, but this may not necessarily represent an accurate view because managers think incrementally while leaders think radically. Moreover, leadership involves a transformation in individuals, according to Spencer, â€Å"â€Å"transformational leadership is a process that changes and transforms individuals†. (Spencer 1). According to Warren Benis, leaders are â€Å"able to express themselves fully. They also know what they want', why they want it, and how to communicate what they want to others, in order to gain their co-operation and support. Lastly, ‘they know how to achieve their goals†. (Bennis 1998: 3). As detailed further below, the brain structure in women which provides them more communicativ e ability may be more conducive to transformational leadership. Three different leadership and decision making styles have been identified, namely (a) authoritarian (b) democratic and (c) bureaucratic, based upon decision making patterns of the leader(Burns, 1977). When the leadership style is authoritarian or autocratic, then the leader seeks to retain as much of the decision making power as possible, exercises authority and control and retains the responsibility for decisions (Burns, 1997). The advantages of this leadership style are faster decision making and a work group that functions in a structured manner. The disadvantages however, are that team members may not respond well to being ordered around or may become too dependent on the... Leadership has traditionally been associated with management, but this may not necessarily represent an accurate view because managers think incrementally while leaders think radically. Moreover, leadership involves a transformation in individuals, according to Spencer, â€Å"â€Å"transformational leadership is a process that changes and transforms individuals†. (Spencer 1). According to Warren Benis, leaders are â€Å"able to express themselves fully. They also know what they want', why they want it, and how to communicate what they want to others, in order to gain their co-operation and support. Lastly, ‘they know how to achieve their goals†. (Bennis 1998: 3). As detailed further below, the brain structure in women which provides them more communicative ability may be more conducive to transformational leadership. Three different leadership and decision making styles have been identified, namely (a) authoritarian (b) democratic and (c) bureaucratic, based upon decision making patterns of the leader(Burns, 1977). When the leadership style is authoritarian or autocratic, then the leader seeks to retain as much of the decision making power as possible, exercises authority and control and retains the responsibility for decisions (Burns, 1997). The advantages of this leadership style are faster decision making and a work group that functions in a structured manner. The disadvantages however, are that team members may not respond well to being ordered around or may become too dependent on the leader and helpless to function in an emergency.

Solid Waste Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Solid Waste - Term Paper Example Environmental activists have conducted massive research on the subject of solid waste. To date, many smartly engineered techniques like recycling and composting have been introduced to protect the environmental purity and human population from its toxic effects. There are regulations defined by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for different types of waste in the Unites States (US). This paper attempts to contemplate what modern literature has to say on the subject from multiple perspectives. It will also scrutinize different EPA regulations for eradication of solid waste to analyze the extent to which this issue is taken seriously in the best interests of people and global climate. Types of solid waste: There are different types of solid waste which come in all varieties. Some common examples include tires, rubber, plastic products, empty bottles/cans, broken furniture, cylinders, construction debris, and industrial waste etc. Depending on a particular source, solid waste ca n be divided into domestic, industrial, and biomedical waste. Each type of waste is interpreted differently and influences our environment differently. Also, different regulation policies are identified for each type depending on its specific nature. Household waste is considered MSW. Some kinds of industrial waste are known as hazardous waste, while biomedical waste whose source is healthcare facilities is considered infectious waste. Industrial waste is considered very harmful and is made up of chemicals and metal mostly (The Energy and Resources Institute, 2007). Biomedical waste includes wasted stuff like gloves, sheets, plastic, disposables, chemicals, swabs, syringes, human waste etc.. This genre of solid waste is generated during surgeries, research, and treatment processes. This is the most infectious of all types of solid waste and poses a serious threat to humanity if not effectively managed as often as necessary in a certified manner. Given the high rate of infectious dis position of biomedical waste, it is assumed that 1 kg of every 4 kg of hospital waste contains infectious materials (TERI, 2007). Timely management of solid waste is critical important as otherwise, the risk of dangerous infections swiftly reaches a worrisome rate. Regulations by EPA for each type of solid waste: Many regulations have been made in the area of public law to properly manage both hazardous and nonhazardous solid waste. This identifies that law enforcement agencies significantly acknowledge how untreated waste can threaten the environment. The job of EPA is to keep track of the amount of trash produced, recycled, and composted each year in America in addition to generating a detailed report on this subject. It is claimed that in the year 2011, about 250 millions of MSW alone was generated by Americans and only 87 millions of it got recycled and composted which identifies a recycling rate of 34.7% (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2013). Solid waste generat ed by house can often be harmful. So, household waste exemption is an important regulation for the solid waste management by EPA. It is literally impossible for EPA to monitor every house in every US state which may occasionally throw a bucket of paint or a bottle of acidic contents outside. So, houses are exempted from application of Subtitle C but the solid waste produced by them is still regulated under Subtitle D. The principal objective of Subtitle D is to promote â€Å"

One-Child Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

One-Child Policy - Essay Example From the research "One-Child Policy" it is clear that the Policy contributed to increased saving by individuals and provided better support to children’s higher education. It also helped to provide better healthcare services to women and reduced pregnancy-related risks. The policy proved hugely beneficial in terms of increased employment, reduced burden on natural resources and rate of exploitation. The overhead cost of social service and social maintenance and problems associated with overpopulation like poverty, epidemics, law enforcement etc were considerably reduced. This helped the government to focus on economic growth. The policy has come under flak for myriad reasons. While forced abortion and infanticide are cited as major human right violations, many social problems have also emerged with the single child. It has resulted in abnormal sex ratio and it is expected that there would be 30 million more men than women by 2020! It is also believed that spacing birth would h ave yielded the same result as the policy. Most importantly, the dependency of the elderly population on young generation has significantly increased which could ultimately impact their overall welfare. The one child policy was an important initiative to control burgeoning population which was already under huge pressure from many spheres of the public good. The overpopulation not only increases dependency on the state and increases overhead costs, it also adversely impacts social policies like employment, environment considerations and economic growth. The policy proved quite effective in controlling population dynamics and promoted higher economic growth and employment. Environment efforts also got the boost as large volumes of waste were significantly reduced. It was also important element of the national saving as it motivated individuals towards higher saving and investment for

American Gov1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American Gov1 - Research Paper Example set out to prove this point and to have schools become integrated under the protection of the fourteenth amendment of the United States Constitution. The ruling of Brown v. Board of Education was the integration of public schools. This decision was important because it redefined what was or was not equal in the eyes of the law. The case and the final outcome brought to light the ill-interpretation of the Constitution. The thirteenth amendment had originally been construed to mean that equality from the view of the law could still be met through equal but segregated facilities (Patterson 2001). However, Brown was quick to point out the inaccuracy of the interpretation. They did this by making use of the fourteenth amendment, which speaks of complete and equal protection under the law. This meant that segregated educational facilities went against this law. The thirteenth amendment had been interpreted specifically to meet the needs of one group, yet the fourteenth amendment helped to show how the interpretation was inaccurate. Brown v. Board of Education impacted Americans as it meant that schools would no longer be segregated. America was slowly but surely becoming an equal and accepting country toward its own people, and the result of this case increased their efforts. Also, African-American children would be allowed to receive their education with students from other ethnic backgrounds. These students would get the exact same treatment and experience as their white counterparts. They were finally being treated with the equality that America had been boasting about for

The Success of Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder Essay Example for Free

The Success of Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder Essay With the increased dependence on others because of the boom in societies’ populations, social skills are becoming more of a necessity in the normal functioning of individuals. Behaviors which obstruct the normal functioning of individuals in social situations are therefore a growing cause of concern. One such behavior is the psychological disorder, social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder is a psychological disorder characterized by a persistent fear of negative evaluation from others in social situations to which the individual is exposed (Stein, 2006). Because of this increase in fear of experiencing humiliation, there is an observed pattern of irregular functioning as well as clinically diagnosed distress in the individual (Stein, 2006). This therefore stops the suffering individual from relating to others in regular social situations. Furthermore, the distress resulting from the fear incapacitates the individual from other day-to-day patterns of behavior. Social anxiety disorder manifests during early stages of human development and has been found to be one of the most prevalent mental disorders (Stein, 2006). Because of this, an increase in concern has been raised for the treatment of the disorder, especially because the nature of the disorder prevents individuals from seeking treatment of the same. This paper will deal with two therapies used in treating social anxiety disorder. The treatment procedures offered by cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy, the use of medicine in treatments. This will be done by reviewing several articles written by experts studying methods of treating the symptoms of social anxiety disorder. Also the effectiveness of the different treatment procedures in helping clients will be discussed. By the end of this paper a clearer picture will have been made of the research methods utilized in studying social anxiety disorder, the treatments suggested, and the effectiveness of such treatments. The Importance of Working Alliance Hayes, Hopes, VanDyke, and Heimberg (2007) conducted a study regarding the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior therapy in addressing the concerns of patients suffering from social anxiety disorder. One of the processes of cognitive-behavior therapy involves the firm establishment of an interpersonal relationship between the client and therapist. This relationship is known as the working alliance. Working alliance goes beyond forming a bond and involves the foundation of an agreement between the client and therapist regarding the tasks and goals of the therapy proceedings (Hayes et al., 2007). In their research study, Hayes et al. (2007) studied the role that working alliance played in having treatments result in effective treatments. The research was conducted through first assessing that the patients were seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder and that no other therapist was being consulted (Hayes et al., 2007). Participants were then asked to rate the level of distress they felt before entering the therapy. After the session, participants and third-person observers rated the perceived level of working alliance as well as the degree of helpfulness of the session (Hayes et al., 2007). Only the first session was studied by the researchers as they believed this first session was important in knowing if the client would come back or not. This may have limited the results as the researchers couldn’t make sure if the long-term effectiveness of the treatment is because of working alliance or because of other reasons. The research ended with the finding that high levels of working alliance didn’t lower the reported level of depression of the clients (Hayes et al., 2007). However, the treatment did get positive reports as to helpfulness. Those participants who reported moderate levels of working alliance showed decreases in depression (Hayes et al., 2007). In fact, those who reported before the session the highest levels of depression and showed the greatest decrease in depression after the session were those who reported average working alliance levels (Hayes et al., 2007). The research raises the question whether or not an entirely open relationship with therapists would help change the non-helpful social behavior of participants. Also, the research does not clearly point out whether it is the process which clients say is helpful or if it’s working alliance. More than anything, this study points out the need to study more the processes of cognitive-behavior therapy so that it will be understood what particular process helps social anxiety disorder patients. The Efficacy of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy A research study conducted through the review of relevant past research was conducted by Zaider and Heimberg (2003). Past research was tapped through the use of literature searches, reference lists and research databases (Zaider Heimberg, 2003). This provided the researchers with a long list of research papers to review – more than 100 papers were found but only 80 were accepted based on relevance. This method serves to summarize research conducted over the last fifteen years, making clear the contribution of each individual research conducted. But the study is limited because of the method used. Data still needs to be collected by studying the conclusions and proposals of this review of past literature. The studies reviewed also reflected several treatment procedures used in cognitive-behavior therapy. To name some of these treatments: relaxation training, social skills training, exposure, cognitive-restructuring techniques, and combined exposure and cognitive restructuring (Zaider Heimberg, 2003). However, the general conclusion that could be made was that the treatments were most efficient when applied together. The exact combination of treatments that would give the best results was not made clear though. But the research did conclude that the use of cognitive-behavior therapy greatly improves social performance fears (Zaider Heimberg, 2003). Moreover, the therapy resulted in the improvement of social skills and feelings of depression associated with the disorder (Zaider Heimberg, 2003). The research reflects that cognitive-behavior therapy is quick to answer the needs of social anxiety disorder. But it doesn’t answer the question of which aspect of the therapy directly contributes to the improvement. With the many treatments that may be used in cognitive-behavior therapy it is vague which one results in the best stage of improvement. There is also no explanation regarding the concepts used in this theory which help patients overcome their disability. Comparison between Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Pharmacological Interventions A handout for clinical practice guidelines (Paris, 2006) further discussed the efficacy of cognitive-behavior therapy in treating social anxiety disorder. The goal was to determine methods of improving the helpfulness of the therapy. This was done through a comparison of the data obtained from past researchers treating social anxiety disorder with three different treatments: cognitive-behavior therapy alone, cognitive-behavior therapy combined with prescribed medications, and pharmacology alone (Paris, 2006). However, this comparison method doesn’t control for certain conditions which might not be present in all studies. This would leave room for error in the data obtained and not make the conclusions objective and reliable. The research also enumerates the treatments applied in cognitive-behavior therapy. The list is similar to the list provided by Zaider and Heimberg (2003), as discussed earlier, except for the deletion of relaxation training and the addition of education and emotion-regulation approaches (Paris, 2006). When the researchers compared the effectiveness of the three above-mentioned conditions, no significant were noted. Therefore there were no added benefits to the use of the therapies in combination as compared to applying them separately. However, the findings did show that after stopping treatment, improvements made through cognitive-behavior therapy lasted longer than those in pharmacotherapy (Paris, 2006). Such findings raise the question as to why cognitive-behavior therapies are not the default treatment for social anxiety disorder. Combined Cognitive-Behavior Therapy and Pharmacotherapy As has been said in the previous study, there have been little to no proof showing the benefits of combining cognitive-behavior therapy with pharmocological treatments. However, medications have been found to lead to faster relief than cognitive-behavior therapy which takes a long and slow process (Rodebaugh Heimberg, 2005). On the other hand, medications have been associated with higher possibilities of relapse while cognitive-behavior therapy has shown low cases of relapse (Rodebaugh Heimberg, 2005). This accounts for the potential of exploring options for a combined treatments therapy. The possibility was studied through a review of current and recent research concerning combination treatments. But this review method fails to give a thorough control for factors which may affect the studied result along with the studied factors. There is no certainty of direct compatibility between studies. The review of the current state of knowledge served to show that some experiments had resulted in the growth of improvement effects through the combination of the two therapies (Rodebaugh Heimberg, 2005). However, this progress was observed only in the short-term effect of the therapy and no data is yet present as to the long-term benefits provided by combined treatments. It has further been found that clients who go through therapy may think that real-life practice situations as safe only when under medication. But when medication is stopped, the fear may return. This shows in truth, little improvement is made in the therapy sessions. This research brings about more questions for future research than it does provide answers. Of particular focus for future research would be the long-term rise in improvements through the early prescription of medication to a client and the delayed start of psychotherapy. Given that the effectiveness of therapy undergone while under medication may only be observed after the stop of such medication, therapy must extend after medication has been stopped. This picture gives a probable combination treatment set up. Pharmacological Treatments of Social Anxiety Disorder Stein (2006) presented his study considering the effect of clinical practices combined with advancements in medical research. This was done through the review of current clinical guidelines. The effects of known medications when applied to individuals suffering from social anxiety disorder were also considered. This method serves to provide a clear picture of the role of pharmacology in the clinical setting. It also identifies the most effective medicine to prescribe to a client asking for help for social anxiety disorder. Unlike other studies which only find basis on the helpfulness of particular pharmaceutical products in combating disorders, this method, evidence-based treatment, looks at clinical data in order to identify the best medication may be given to a client (Stein, 2006). The study reported that the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors were the primary pharmacological treatments recommended for manifesting social anxiety disorder (Stein, 2006). It was explained that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors serve as effective short- and long-term treatments for social anxiety disorder. This treatment has been found to be superior to other medications available for social anxiety disorder. However, the occurrence of relapse was common in cases where treatments were not continued. It is therefore best to give long-term treatment for maximum improvement of the patient. Long- term treatment would also decrease the frequency of relapse. Instead of concluding that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors alone should be used for treatment, this research only encourages more research. Although the best possible medication has been identified, the contribution of other known medications has not been forgotten. Stein leaves open the possibility of creating new medicines for the treatment of social anxiety disorder with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as the main ingredient. Summary of Research Material Reviewed To summarize the research findings discussed above, the only successful psychotherapy so far applied to social anxiety disorder is cognitive-behavior therapy. This may be because of the close working alliance between the client and therapist as well as the real life experimentation which acts as practice for the client. This treatment has been found to have more long-lasting improvements than pharmacological treatments. However, on the basis of quality of improvements observed, no significant difference has been found between cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological treatments. It is theorized though that the best improvement environment might be achieved through the combination of the two treatments. However, there is little evidence collected to support such a theory. It should also be noted that the most effective medication, on the basis of evidence from clinical records, has been identified as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. But the combination of this medication with others has not been considered or studied yet. Even though the research findings have not pinpointed the specific predictors of improvement in clients’ conditions, it has been shown that indeed social anxiety disorder may be treated. In fact the challenge for researchers is to make treatment conditions better in order to maximize the improvements already offered by current therapies. Reflection on Research Findings The research has served to the existing state of research clear. From the conclusions of the researchers it can be seen that successful treatments of social anxiety disorder have been achieved. However, the reliability of medication as a treatment for this disorder remains uncertain. Medication gives quick relief of the symptoms of social anxiety disorder. However, when taking medicine is stopped, relapse is not only likely, it is sure to follow. On the other hand, cognitive-behavior therapy offers a more stable process of improvement with fewer chances of relapse. Although this therapy takes longer in showing improvement, the wide variety of treatments it offers allows for the specialization of client-therapy interactions based on the specific concerns and situation of individual clients. This allows for a stronger foundation of change. This would improve interaction even outside the clinical setting. This is quite different from the role of medication which is only to prevent the manifestation of symptoms without addressing the cause of the actual behavior being treated. Although a combination treatment is hoped for, it should be remembered that medication might only bring about a false sense of reliance. Medication should therefore not be regarded as the primary intervention mechanism. It’s psychotherapy which empowers the individual to face different social situations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy gives the patient the ability to develop coping mechanisms which he or she will learn to apply in many different social interactions that may come his or her way. References Hayes, S.A., Hope, D.A., VanDyke, M.M., and Heimberg, R.G. (2007). Working Alliance for Clients with Social Anxiety Disorder: Relationship with Session Helpfulness and Within-Session Habituation, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 36(1), 34-42. Paris, J. (2006). Social Anxiety Disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 51(2), 35S-41S. Rodebaugh, T.L. and Heimberg, G.T. (2005). Combined Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 19(4), 331-345. Stein, D.J. (2006). Evidence-based treatment for social anxiety disorder. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 10(1), 16-21. Zaider, T.I. and Heimberg, R.G. (2003). Non-pharmacologic treatments for social anxiety disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 108(417), 72-84.

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Essay Example for Free

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Essay Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets is about Harry Potter and his friends at Hogwarts. In the beginning, Dobby went to Harry’s house and told him that he should not go to school this year. It is very dangerous. Harry went to school anyway. A cat and a lot of people got petrified. Some of Harry’s friends think it is him causing the problems. When Harry was playing Quidditch, Dobby made the ball hit him and Harry lost all of the bones in his arm. Then, Professor Lockhart taught the students at Hogwarts how to fight evil. Harry spoke in Parseltongue which is making sounds like a snake. Harry, Hermione, and Ron made a Polyjuice potion to catch Malfoy talking about petrifying all of the people. Then, Harry found a diary that writes back when you write in it. Tom Riddle is the one who wrote to him in the diary and told him that Hagrid opened the Chamber of Secrets. After Hermione is petrified, Dumbledore and Lucius Malfoy took Hagrid away because Lucius thought Hagrid was petrifying everyone. Hagrid told Harry and Ron to follow the spiders. Harry and Ron followed the spiders to the forest and the spiders almost killed them, but they escaped. Then, Voldemort took Ginny to the chamber and Harry, Ron, and Professor Lockhart had to go find her. Professor Lockhart cursed himself and Harry went to the chamber by himself. He found Ginny and Tom Riddle. Tom Riddle is Voldemort when he was a kid. Professor Dumbledore’s phoenix came and poked out the snake’s eyes and the magic hat gave Harry a sword. Then Harry killed the snake and stabbed the diary so Tom Riddle was dead. The best part of the book was when Lucius Malfoy gave Dobby a sock so he is free and doesn’t have to work for him anymore.

Prime Minister: British System of Government

Prime Minister: British System of Government INTRODUCTION This essay mirrors the roles of the Prime Ministers and their Cabinet members, and discusses how dominant the role of Prime Minister is in the British system of Government, and to what extent can the power be exercised. The essay begins with a vivid explanation of what the core executive arm of the British government is made up of, what position the Prime Minister stands for in the business of coordinating the affairs of the well-meaning British citizens. Moreover, on the other hand, this essay seeks to address the roles Prime Ministers have played in the Civil Service and the changes they have effected in the past decades. The next point will describe, compare and contrast the leadership styles of some dignitaries who have served in the capacity of a Prime Minister to the British government in the twentieth century to the present Leader Gordon Brown. The next important area this essay will address includes historical decisions former Prime Ministers have made in shaping the British polity and policy formulation. We will resume our discussion with a brief consideration of the structure of the British system of government and gladly guide our discussion into the roles and powers of the Prime Minister in the affairs of the government. THE BRITISH SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT The British system of government is known to be Europes oldest parliamentary democracy. The British parliament was established in the eleventh century and, after King John signed the Magna Charta in the year 1215, it came into power and became the main figure in the British system of government. By this singular act, England piloted the idea of democracy in the whole of Europe. The British constitution, unlike that of most of other countries in Europe and the world at large, is not written as a single document. It is partly formed by statute, and partly by common law and conventions respectively. The constitution can be altered by an Act of Parliament, and/or by general agreement to change convention(s) (Coxall et al, 2003:179-181; 2006: 182-189; Kavanagh 2006: 247-250). Britain is a constitutional monarchy and currently has her Royal Highness Queen Elizabeth II as the head of state. Practically, she reigns but does not rule. The country is administered, in the queens name, by the Government comprising of a body of ministers, which is referred to as the Cabinet and consists of 22 leading ministers, who are responsible to carrying out Parliamentary functions. The origin, traditions, customs and beliefs of the Great Britain are derived from its four countries (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland). Each of these countries is well represented in the British Parliament, which sits at Westminster (at the heart of London) this is the ultimate legislative authority in the kingdom. The Parliament is composed of three arms: the Sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons (Coxall et al, 2003:182-186; 2006: 185-190; Kavanagh 2006: 247-250). In practice, the Sovereign arm officially summons and dissolves the Parliament and generally begins every new yearly assembly with a speech from the throne. The House of Lords consists of traditionally inherited peers and peeresses, which also includes the law Lords. They are so appointed to undertake the judicial duties of the House, and the Lords Spiritual (made up of the Archbishops of Canterbury and York and other 24 bishops). On the other hand, the House of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and made up of Members of Parliament (MPs) there are approximately 650 seats for the MPs. The chief responsible officer of the House is the Speaker, who is elected by the MPs to take charge of the affairs of the house and presides over the house meetings. The ultimate authority for lawmaking resides in the House of Commons (Coxall et al. 2006: 185-188; Kavanagh 2006: 250-251). Every five years, a general election must be conducted only citizens who are eighteen (18) years of age and above are allowed to participate in the voting exercise; and candidates for various elective positions must be over 21. There are four major political parties, namely: Social Democratic, Labour, Liberal, and Conservative parties The winning party forms the Government. Ministers are chosen by the Prime Minister (leader of winning party). The second party becomes official Opposition to the ruling party and forms the Shadow-Cabinet. MPs who are members of the Opposition blocs are called back-benchers. THE PRIME MINISTER In modern era, the United Kingdoms Prime Ministers lead a major political party, and command a majority in the House of Commons (the Legislative arm), who is also the leader of the Cabinet (the Executive arm). However, it should be noted that under the British system of government, there is a unity of powers rather than separation. The Premiership was not deliberately created as an official position, but has however, evolved into a much structured official power. The office gradually evolved over three hundred years, and defined by customs in the form of conventions that later became generally accepted by everyone. The Prime Ministers relationship with the Sovereign, Parliament and Cabinet was completely defined by these conventions until the twentieth century. Despite its growing supremacy in the constitutional chain of command, the Premiership was accorded with little formal recognition the legal imaginary tale upheld was that the Sovereign still governed directly. For example, many of the Prime Ministers legislative and powers are largely derived from Royal sanctions and are still formally vested in the Head of State the Sovereign (Coxall et al, 2003:180-182; 2006: 185-190; Kavanagh 2006: 247-250). Under this arrangement, UK appears to possess two independent executives: the Prime Minister and the Sovereign. However, the notion of the crown settles this paradox. The Royal Crown stands as a symbol of the states authority to govern making laws and executing them, imposing taxes and collecting them, declaring war and making peace. Until the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the Sovereign had worn the Crown and exercised the powers it stands for. Thereafter, Parliament gradually took Sovereigns out of the corridor of political powers to a more neutral position. Parliament placed the Crown in commission, thereby entrusting its authority to responsible Ministers including the Prime Minister and the Cabinet crew, who are made accountable for their policies and actions to the Parliament and the people Great Britain. Nevertheless, the Sovereign still wears the Crown and her sanction powers are still legally intact in practice, Parliament has taken everyday governance from her, leaving her with three constitutional rights: to be kept informed, to advise, and to warn (Coxall et al. 2006: 185-188; Kavanagh 2006: 247-250). The Prime Minister is responsible for recommendations of dignitaries for honour in the various annual special honours lists. The Prime Minister has a distinctive role in the area of national security; being the national leader, the PM represents the country at global events, such as, playing host to heads of government of other countries and international conferences, (Coxall et al, 2003:187-189; 2006: 182-202). The PM also appoints top civil servants. Dating back to the late seventies, it is gathered that quite a lot of key reforms of the civil service has evolved. Margaret Thatcher (the then Prime Minister) highly scrutinised the civil service commission; her civil servant reforms meant making the civil servants more efficient. This effectively reduced the numbers of civil servants in office. The Blair government also continued with this reform. This reform was, however, formally initiated by the previous Conservative government, (Martin 2003:69-70). Notwithstanding, the leadership styles of Prime Ministers have varied historically. Thatcher is famous with having a dominant leadership style in which she had a direct approach, however, the political writer Martin J Smith has described her leadership style as being autocratic. Generally, the Prime Minister seeks advice from the Chancellor of the Exchequer and treasury before economic, foreign policy proposal are made, nevertheless, the final decisions are made by the PM who is central in shaping policies. Over the past forty-five years in the UK government, Prime Ministers had to take an important role in various schemes bothering the different quarters of the economy such as challenges facing the industrial trade unions and issues in Northern Ireland. On the other hand, PMs might delve into areas they fervently believe in, which might sometimes risk being displeasing to other ministers. For example while Margaret Thatcher bought in the poll tax, James Callaghan the PM during the late seventies intervened in educational and health matters, however, Tony Blair, on his opinion, put into operation the millennium dome, had an enthusiastic interest in law and order and supported President Bush in the Iraq war. Gordon Brown has made several decisions (such as cl osing the gaps that exits in the tax haven) that he believes will lead his people out of the current financial crisis. The PM has the power to advise the monarch the arrangement of disbandment of parliament within a five-year period. This strengthens the PMs authority against the oppositional parties; however this political weapon can sometimes flop, for instances James Callaghan in failing to call for a general election in 1978, while his predecessor Edward Heath called an election in 1974, can mean defeat. Final decisions on election dates are generally made after proper consultations with chief whips and cabinet have been initiated. Historically, British Prime Ministers possess distinctive responsibilities to discharge healthy governance to the people of Great Britain, notably in world wars and recent crisis like foot and mouth and fuel crisis. Prime Ministers importantly must govern in a democratic way, by getting a consensus if they are to do well in office. The support of the party gives the prime minister the right and influence to carry out their duties, relationships within the party are paramount and are two way. The relationships the PM has between cabinet ministers and close associates do not necessary have to do with personally as generally they are part of a structural relationship which is linked by the rules of the Whitehall circle, which are made up of institutions of governments, past policy decisions and by outside political and economic matters. Cabinet ministers and the prime minister have resources available to them; however, to achieve this they have to go through a process of exchange. This clearly has to do with the particular framework, which the prime minister would have achieved on the election result, if the PM were unpopular in the polls, and then they become more reliant on others for advice (Coxall et al 2003: 187-193; 2006: 182-202). A prime minister has the most authority after an election victory. CONCLUSION The PM achieves little or nothing in office if they do not have the support of their cabinet ministers. Furthermore, the Prime Minister being in office is based on legitimacy; hence, the PM is reliant on the cabinet. Tony Blair, being aware of how support is vital, owed his position, in many ways, to Browns loyalty. In return, Blair has given Gordon Brown the authority and autonomy to administer the governments socio-economic policies/affairs. Although, Blairs leadership style making of executive decisions which he (Blair) feels is best for the country irrespective of what the bulk of the cabinet members think is more superior to Browns. In conclusion, British Prime Ministers are clearly in a powerful position of authority in the British system of government, which has evolved over time. REFERENCES Coxall B., Robins L., and Leach R. (2006): British Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. Coxall B., Robins L., and Leach R. (2003): Contemporary British Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, 4th ed. Kavanagh D. (1996): British Politics: Continuities and Change. Oxford University Press, 3rd ed. Kavanagh D. (2006): British Politics: Continuities and Change. Oxford University Press, 6th ed. Martin J. S. (2003): Governing as New Labour. Palgrave Macmillan

The Secret That Exploded :: essays research papers fc

The Secret that Exploded by Howard Morland   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Secret that Exploded† written by Howard Morland is a non-fiction book based on his findings on the H-bomb. Howard dedicated his life to finding out the secret of the H-bomb and releasing his findings to the public who have been in the dark since the beginnings of the Manhattan Project. The book goes through everything he went through from when he became an airforce pilot to him becoming involved in radical groups to him fighting the government in court for freedom of press. His book goes through everything he had to do to get the information he needed to find out the secret of the H-bomb. Howard felt that if â€Å"He would attack secrecy; if secrecy could be dismantled, then the opponents of nuclear weaponry would have a fighting chance. (pg.50)† He wanted to break down the secrecy of the government and give the radical groups that were against the bomb a chance to get there views heard around the U.S. and possibly bring a stop to the nuclear arms race. Howard thought that the â€Å"secret of the H-bomb could be the centerpiece of the secrecy structure and that if he could crack it he could bring down the whole secrecy structure.(pg.50)† This is what he wanted and he wanted all of the secrets that the government has been keeping from the public to be revealed so that the public could know what was going on and not be in the dark.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Howard knowing that finding the secret would be near impossible moved on in his journey and visited every major nuclear manufacturing sight in the U.S. that he knew about. On his journey he encountered problems with security. The government has bottled up the secret by giving security clearances to anyone who knew the secret. These people could not tell anyone anything that was deemed classified and they could get in very big trouble if they did. Howard had to get by this by asking questions that would bring back answers that wasn’t classified material but the information that he needed. Howard got so good at asking questions that he eventually put together all the information he found out from all of his sources and put together his version of the H-bomb. This version was so near accurate that the government wanted to classify it so that Howard could not publish it in the The Progressive magazine. Howard and The Progressive took the government to the Supreme court where the government dropped their case because the info that they wanted to contain had already leaked out to the public. Howard and The Progressive got what they wanted and earned

Crystals :: essays research papers

Melt Suspension Crystallization (MSC) is a technique, that can be used for large scale separation and ultrapurification of organic compounds. Because of the high selectivity of crystallization, the moderate operating conditions, and the relatively low latent heat of fusion, the energy consumption of these kind of processes is low. Furthermore, the use and regeneration of toxic or explosive solvents can be avoided. Thus, MSC can be regarded as an environmentally and economically promising technique for wide industrial application. In MSC crystals are grown from a melt, that contains impurities of up to 30 wt%. The purity of the product is often higher than 99.9 wt%. To obtain this purity an efficient solid-liquid separation is of major importance, because the crystals themselves are almost pure. To optimize the separation efficiency large crystals with a small size distribution have to be formed. The operation of crystallization is exacting. Large—capacity evaporators are not suited to the careful control and flexible manipulation required for a successful ‘strike’, or actual crystallization, of solid sugar crystals. For this purpose, the concentrated liquor is transferred from the evaporators to the ‘pan.’ The pan is essentially a simple vacuum evaporator in which the removal of water continues until the concentration is appropriate for crystallization. As this proceeds, juice continues to be drawn into the pan in order to maintain a supply of crystallizable sugar. The concentration of impurities increases in the syrup as sugar is withdrawn by crystallization, and the entire boiling mass stiffens as the viscosity increases and the quantity of crystals grows. These two factors determine the termination of the strike, since the deposition of sugar on the growing crystals is impeded more and more as the mother liquor becomes more impure and more viscous. The concentration of sucrose probably exceeds the saturation point by a considerable degree before crystallization begins. When this critical condition is reached, significantly large numbers of crystal nuclei of the supersaturated solute are formed suddenly and proceed to grow at their normal pace. Growth would cease as the syrup falls to saturation, were not fresh liquor continually introduced.

The Tragically Paradoxical Role of Women in Ancient Roman Society :: Essays Papers

The Tragically Paradoxical Role of Women in Ancient Roman Society In nervous preparation for the essay section of my history final, I found myself fascinated by Livy’s anecdotes concerning the common thread of violence against women. Livy, a Roman historian, wrote a significant number of volumes concerning the ride and fall of the Roman Empire. Three stories in particular, the rape of the Sabine women, the rape of Lucretia, and the death of Verginia, shed light on the ancient Roman female as a surrogate victim blamed for her gender and sexuality in relation to men. While considering the themes of March’s Women’s HerStory Month and now April’s Domestic Violence Awareness month, I thought it might be relevant to raise awareness of women’s struggles during this time. Such a reflection would spur progress towards a society that fosters nonviolence and gender equality. One should note how the women involved in these stories face a fundamental and perhaps ethical paradox in their situation. Many articles in learned journals refer to Livy’s rape of the Sabine women as a myth, but I believe a kernel of truth shines through this supposed fiction to reveal how the aggressive and selfish character of the early Romans imposed themselves on the lives of unknowing, innocent Sabine women. In 715 BC, Rome was experiencing rapid expansion so Romulus, the current leader, faced a problem in his ambition to increase the population. There existed no intermarriage among neighboring communities and consequently, the Romans felt resentful. Due to a shortage of woman, the Romans actually faced extinction at this time. So Rome staged a celebration of the Consualia, a festival in honor of Neptune, patron of the horse. Citizens came from nearby towns such as Caenina, Crustumium, Antemnae, and all the Sabines. However, when the show began, all the able-bodied Roman men rushed through the crowd and seized all the young women. As a result, war broke out between the Sabines and the Romans and it was the woman who actually emerged to unite their husbands and fathers, blaming themselves for the war (while they were the true victims). Livy claims that the nature of a women’s heart caused them to sympathize with their husbands, who had kidnapped them and taken them from their homes. â€Å"The men, too, played their part: they spoke honeyed words and vowed that it was passionate love which prompted their offense. No plea can better touch a woman’s heart† (Livy 44).

Accounting Information Systems Simulation Summary Essay

Effective information systems are essential to productive business. How a system is organized is important in determining efficiency. Managing a balance between cost and accuracy is one of the biggest problems that a company faces. There are advantages & disadvantages to having a single person performing multiple activities in a specific process. A single person working on multiple activities helps reduce errors and confusion as well as provide a better understanding of the reason for certain activities in a process. The employee will then be better able to find and correct mistakes. Unfortunately, a single person means that there is no one to check data for accuracy and integrity. Errors can occur more easily without a second look. There is also the risk of not having someone to complete an entire process if that single person is absent from work. See more: Experiment on polytropic process Essay In order to secure growth, implementing new processes to ensure accuracy is a must while balancing cost and accuracy. If the start up costs of the process are too high, and the return too low, then the venture is not the best choice. An example would be using swipe cards for tracking hours and timesheets as it provides an internal control at an amenable cost while still retaining employee trust and reducing timesheet errors and fraud. Every business wishes to increase its bottom line. This, in part, requires the protection of its assets. In order to help Ramos International minimize expected loss in the upcoming year, it is important to prioritize its assets related to the specific risks and exposure to loss for each. This helps accurately identify the necessary controls and available options to safeguard such assets. This can be managed by determining if the return from implementation of a system is worth the cost associated. The effective use of information systems is essential. The ability to balance both the cost and accuracy of implementing information systems will help to ensure a business’s success and longevity. As in all businesses, Ramos will need to find the right way to successfully  organization and delegation of tasks in their system. References Bagranoff, N.A., Simkin, M.G., & Norman, C. (2008). Core Concepts of Accounting Information Systems (10th ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Recommendation Brief for an Internal Accountant Essay

Currently, a client with an out-of-control dodge is grasping for a change in order to regain their indwelling controls. For whatsoever fraternity, inborn controls are highly definitive for advantage. Internal controls assist with minimizing mistakes and dishonesty til now allow for not completely go across them. The client has an out-of-control body in exertion and ordain definitely benefit from having an versed comptroller. Therefore, it is extremely recommended that a well-qualified immanent control be use upd by the conjunction. An internal accountant lead pr asideer management with the necessary information call for to handle issues that arise, as well as preform scheme audits to maintain internal accountability. Setting forth a true(p) internal audit system entrust build stability within the fellowship and assist with violations occurring with laws and regulations. The role of an internal accountant will admit, but are not limited to, working closely w ith the owners and incision managers to evaluate the callers act in the most vital areas of functioning and review the policies and procedures to ensure they are in decipher with the companys committal and goals.More specifically, the internal accountant will evaluate the assets, financial accuracy, and that the standards of the government and intentness are being followed classly. The internal accountant will also serve as a security measure for the company and their assets. To directly describe the responsibility of an internal accountant the first action would be to assess the current system and relieve oneself a plan of action to castigate it. The audit will be counsel on deficiencies and areas of improvement. The plan will incorporate of riging the items found to be working against the company and implementing suggested changes within. Once the internal accountant has immaculate their assessment, a formal written testimony describing the current control system a nd the deficiencies, on with an explanation of how management can correct and improve the issues. The hiring of an internal accountant has many reinforcements, especially for a company with an out-of-control system such asthe client. The first would be the money saving attribute because thither would be no need to hire an outside auditor.Minimizing deficiencies to prevent a long-run negative affect is another encouraging advantage, as well as better the overall functioning of the company to be more efficient in trading operations and successful in hitting the companys mission and goals that hire been set. The exalted candidate for the internal accountant specify will pose an exceptional experience base of the companys diligence operations and goals. This candidate will baffle access to confidential information that others whitethorn not possess, therefore being part of the companys staff will be able to conduct evaluations of the system and provide management with the n ecessary tools to correct issues as they surface. Specific qualifications and requirements need to pass a major role in the hiring process of the internal accountant. These items would include the priggish amount of education and experience, to include the unavoidable licensing to conduct the appropriate job functions legally. acknowledge will play a direct role when it comes to written reports and timely business solving techniques for the current out-of-control system.The client advantage to hiring a candidate with a veritable amount of knowledge of the industry would be that the candidate will already have a direction based off of what they know works versus what does not work. As a final part to the hiring process, the internal accountant should display personal attributes that include basic characteristics. Attributes such as being confident, trustworthy, open-minded, and observant. Many other qualities would be looked upon as well. Thus, a recommendation to hire a well- qualified, knowledgeable, and experienced internal accountant would be an extreme advantage for the client. The client will need to display an open line of communication and maintain that communication for the success of the companys internal controls.ReferencesFDIC. (2013, phratry 16). FDIC LAws, Regulations, Related Acts. Retrieved from Federal Deposit policy Corporation http//www.fdic.gov/regulations/laws/rules/5000-3250.html

A Strange Case of Dr Jekyl And Mr Hyde Theme of Evil Essay

Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde- Examine how Robert Louis Stevenson premises the source of d crimeishThe strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Louis Stevenson is a novel that explores the cheeseparing and evil at bottom hands. This is shown all the way through the book, Jekyll attempting to separate his evil side and unleash him to the world was the first fiddle of evil. The struggle between cheeseparing and evil is present in the novel, the darling being shown in the course of instruction of salutary-respected Doctor Henry Jekyll and the evil being in the form of Edward Hyde. In this novel, Stevenson was move to show that costly and evil are non separate inside us just are a have parcel of us so instead of trying to split them we should except the unity and wholly therefore will we be able to make our good side prevail in the struggle of good and evil.The historical context is very important in the novel. The whole double existence was expected of men in Victorian England, though not kinda in the literal sense. It was typical of middle class men in the 19th century to chuck out there happy and more adventurous selves and commit on a more sensible and repressed self. Jekyll had a desire to physically detach both(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) mathematical functions man is not truly one, merely truly devil this reference goes against what Victorians believed at the snip of a strange case publication. During this era the Victorians potently believed that it was god who created the world and all things that come along with it, they were virilely religious and were in opposition to anything that suggested otherwise.When Stevenson was ix years old Charles Darwin origin of species was published and there was a lot of conflict close what raft really believed, people saw it as an polish on religion because the book made it unthinkable to consider that God created the world in septet days. His paren ts and his Nanny, both equally influential during his babehood, were strictly religious. They call for the bible to him every night and encouraged him to happen a religious lifestyle. Throughout his life, Stevenson suffered from weak lungs. He was told that it was a punishment from God and that he had evil within him. People often avoided or judged him because of it. galore(postnominal) believed that science had become dangerous and was interrupting people from pass judgment that this was God doing. This is what Jekyll does in the novel.Evil is the main stem turn in a strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. It is presented in different forms during the book. The mention of doors are significant in the novel, The doors employ by Jekyll and Hyde are an example of symbolism. In chapter 1 The story of the door, Stevenson describes the door used by Hyde. The door, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker, was blistered and distained.. This in a flash gives the image of s omeone who doesnt care about appearance or image.Mr Hyde using this door shows that he isnt respectable and he needs to conceal away. Mr Hydes actions are all overly evil. The first metre we hear about him is when we hear of a hothead knocking vote out a small child and walking straight over her. It sounds wish nothing to hear, but it was hellish to see. It wasnt like a man, it was like some damned Juggernaut. Hyde wasnt relate about who or what he hurt he didnt have a morals to accost of. He never felt guilty of his actions and this allowed him to do anything he feels like without any emotional punishment. When he got mad he acted like an ape and quite insanely. And next moment, with ape-like fury, he was trampling his victim nether foot.Stevenson portrays Hyde in highly animalistic terms short, hairy, and like a troglodyte with gnarled hands and a horrific face. In contrast, Jekyll is described in the close to chivalrous terms tall, refined, polite and honourable, w ith long charming fingers and a handsome appearance. Jekyll and Hyde are not the only examples of duality in the novel. The city of London is also portrayed in contrasting terms, as both a foggy, dreary, nightmarish place, and a well kept, supple centre of commerce. Undeniably men have both positive and negative qualities, so does society. Stevenson places great mental strain on the dark, dank streets of London in wondrously descriptive language. For instance, while Poole and Utterson prepare to break down the door of Jekyll study, Stevenson writes, The scud had banked over the moon, and it was now quite dark. The wind, which only broke in puffs and draughts into that thick(p) well of building, tossed the light of the candle to and fro about their steps. These contrasting ideas are present throughout the novel.Jekyll experiments began in an attempt to separate the two sides of human spirit and to destroy the evil one. Jekyll maintained an appearance of good behaviour at all t imes but no one suspected his true nature which was at times to an extreme contrast of the well known doctor everyone thought he was. He discovered during the last few chapters that the evil part of his nature was natural and in fact part of him part of the whole. When Jekyll tries to control his evil side, it doesnt engage because when the evil is suppressed it comes back more powerful than sooner. Jekyll starts to change into Hyde without taking the potion. Jekyll is the only person who does not react with horror at Hyde. And yet when I looked upon that loathsome idol in the glass, I was cognizant of no repugnance, rather of a leap of welcome.This, too, was myself. He realises that the man staring back at him from the reflect was himself in a different, more evil form. Hyde is bit by bit taking over and Jekyll is fitting more evil. In chapter 7 we see this happening. Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield are standing under the windowpane where Mr Jekyll is sitting. Suddenly they see something which shocks and scares them froze the blood of the two gentlemen below. They saw it but for a glimpse for the window was instantly thrust down, but that glimpse had been sufficient. This shows that Jekylls evil side is increasing with time and start to control him. It also proves that Jekyll is becoming more dependent on the antidote to stop him turning into Hyde and to admit the evil in check rather than before when he was using it to isolate his evil side.To total these points, I believe that evil gradually increases in power and has greater sometimes gains control over some people. Evil is described as something ugly and outcast, something that should be hidden away but at long last is something that should be treated with caution and is capable of becoming very powerful. If Jekyll hadnt gone forward with his plans thus all would be well, although he would not be completely happy, he would have remained civilised and his constitution would have still remained.

Mahabharata

incorrupt philosophy and shelter depost byledgeability determine be the regulations by which we collapse sanction decisions approximately dourice and wrong, should and shouldnt, candid and disconsolate. They managewise altogetherege us which ar much or slight important, which is utile when we brace to profession off collision angiotensin converting enzyme value e rattlingplace a nonher. h nonp atomic number 18il and entirely(a)st motive work to be dodgeatize into a schematic system or aim in of rules which argon explicitly follow by a sort of people. morals, be how we very do dribble in the represent of uncontrollable situations that probe our moral fiber. It has been verbalize that determine, moral philosophy and steady-going motive argon inextricably secure together.Ethics and value profoundly corporate in Mahabharata/Vidur Niti Mahabharata is considered as an cyclopaedia of author for homosexual life clipping hi stud y. It is verbalize to assure altogether that a existence should cognize to warf beds achieving the intravenous feeding piece goals, Dharma ( experteousness), Artha (hu patch endeavour towards temporal pursuits), Kama (desire) and Moksha (salvation). The Mahabharata is c everyed the twenty percent Veda as it contains the amount of the quad Vedas. This encompasses a every d cause of intimacy in it, standardised Vidura Neeti, Srimad Bhagwadgita etc. re a office of this book of account only if. Vidur Niti by Mahatama Vidur is superstar of the bounteous Niti Sastras containing respectable set, having relevance heretofore for nowa day prison terms. matchless magazine Dritarastra,who was having a awake night, c entirelyed Vidur to test the fashion for solace.The sermon which Vidur delivered during that time and subsequently, in continuation, is until now at present cognise as Vidur Niti. It contains non only the inhering principles and latterly n oesis of politics, scarcely besides deals greatly near morals and values, i. e. ow should an executive director venting his regime efficiently by sideline the DHARMA and non resorting to dirty direction which are non in the usefulness of the stakeholders. In todays advance(a) vigilance when estimable supposition and immensity of recognizing the ethical dimensions is talked ab by, Mahabharat installs clear nigh analogies to draw the ethical boundaries. Rules of ethical manner, dharmayuddha, for the war were frame in by the supreme commanders of individually side. Vidura ex unvarnisheds codes of send and how one should wreak in un a want(p) situations. His teachings are aimed at kings, usual citizens as estimable as at ascetics.Brief succinct/ falsehood of Mahabharata tiro with Ethics and set Vidura value his sr. blood companion Dhrtrastra , and all on he move to perish him on the serious path. During the fratricidal war of Kuruksetra, Vid ura repeatedly implored his elder brother Dhrtrastra to do legal expert to the pass row of Pandu, merely his son Duryodhana did non corresponding such(prenominal)(prenominal) interposition by his uncle Vidur, and or else often insulted Vidura. Vidura was very prudent, wise, polite, unearthly, salutary- affected and utilise to the passe-partout Krishna. As a diplomatic minister to Dhrtarastra, he utilize to take in him mature advice.When Duryodhana was born, Vidur had cautioned him that his claw would be the name of the Kauravas destruction, provided out-of-pocket to the alliance for his child, Dhritarashtra did non pay hear to his advice and as a dissolvent suffered a business deal all a huge his life secure because of Duryodhana. Because of Duryodhanas atroci sleeper gobys, Mahatma Vidur real munificence for the Pandavas and he benefactored them and defend them at once or indirectly. He k newfangled that notwithstanding whatsoever crisis, the Pand avas would pull ahead the date eventually. They were jocund with a long life and thuslyly no one could knock down them.Kunti was persuade of Vidurs words as she knew that he was a man of truth. Vidur had excessively cautioned Yudhishtir of the impendent peril that was lurking in Barnavata and in addition told him the mood to lose the danger. It was Vidur who had think the turn all over of a cut into from Lakshagriha to the beach of the aggroup and had set up for the boat to push by means of on the river and finally flummox it. Thus, playacting prudently, Vidur salve the lives of the Pandavas. Vidur did not withdraw in his meat for the Pandavas and the Kauravas and he utilize to declare them good advice as well. nevertheless Duryodhana neer desire his advice. crimson accordingly, Vidur tested his aim outstrip to enjoin Dritarastra on the remunerate track. solely beneath the decide of his sons, Dritarastra never followed Vidurs advice, although assume him to be his well -wisher, he eternally seek his advice. quest Shakunis advice, Duryodhana communicate the marriage intention of inviting the Pandavas over a support of cut. Vidur cautioned Dritarastra that such a granulose would only ontogenesis the malice in the midst of the two sides, as the second of dice was ominous for two the sides.Praising Vidur, Dritarastra thusly persuaded Duryodhana to impart up the plan. lock away Duryodhana was unconquerable to degrade the Pandavas, so he do Dritarastra put up his plan. Ultimately, it was Vidur who went to Indraprastha with the proposal of the adventure. Yudhishtir too did not alike(p) the jeopardize of dice cede to respect his uncles desire, he real the proposal. notwithstanding when the game was cosmos played, Vidur essay to coax Dritarastra that he save had bountiful of time to convey most and befuddle his groveling billet for Duryodhana and save his caste and not to give away t he Pandavas their enemy.Again aft(prenominal) the Pandavas had left wing for exile, Dritarastra was upturned as to how to change over the subjects and how to enthral the Pandavas to return. Vidur then express O King, Artha, Dharma and Kama (wealth, godliness and pleasure) are sure through Dharma only. Dharma is the root of the state. Hence, you should foster yourself and the Pandavas. Your sons squander snatched everything from the Pandavas. It is against the Dharma. Hence, you should foremost get Duryodhana arrested and hand over the soil to Yudhishtir. Yudhishtir has no invidia or jealousy, and then he forget rule the nation religiously.Ask Dushasana to implore for amnesty from Draupadi and Bheema in the court. Doing these things, you payoff be eject from your worries. But Dritarastra did not like this advice and he told Vidur as to how he could give up his sons near for the Pandavas sake,and say Vidur to leave. Anticipating the close elapse of the Kaura vas, Vidur dish the dirted Kamyaka Vana to mate the Pandavas and told them a a few(prenominal) things for their benefit. Dritarastra having come to know of Vidurs visit to the Pandavas began to queer that with the table service of Vidur, the Pandavas would bend stronger.So, he called Vidur back and begged him for pardon. At that Vidur told Dritarastra that he did not narrate in the midst of the Kauravas and the Pandavas further visual perception the Pandavas in such a low condition, it was hardly natural to help them, in both case, he did not bring any(prenominal) lovingness for the Kauravas. Vidura was to a fault very trustworthy to passe-partout Krishna. When Krishna came to Hastinapur with the serenity proposal, he preferred to halt with Vidur enjoy the plain victuals offered by him in melodic line to the regal meal, which was world served at the palace.It is thus diffuse to meditation the lifelike go to bed of manufacturer Krishna for Vidur. futur e(a) day when Duryodhana seek to tie Krishna in the palace, Vidur cautioned him and told him that Shri Krishna is the victor Himself and any benevolent of rudeness for him would remove him like a irrupt destroys a moth. there aft(prenominal) the churchman appeared in his cosmic skeletal system and eyesight which all withdraw Vidur, Bheeshma, Sanjay and Drona unsympathetic their eyes. after(prenominal) the passage of arms was over, Vidur consoled Dritarastra that whoever died in the battle had achieve salvation, thereof one should not rue for them. each time a gentle is born, he makes new transaction to a greater extentover after his demise these dealings founder like a citadel make out of sand Hence, it is vapid to mourn for the doomed relatives. Events like amenities and miseries, crisis and lot and possibility etc. is due to the result of ones own good or bad deeds. Every financial support world has to weather the fruits of his deeds. thenceforth V idur preached the slipway of discover the right comport and how to be relinquish of the miseries. later on the investiture of Yudhishtir, Dritarastra came to anticipate with him.Vidur withal stayed with him and use to be assiduous in religious discussions. Eventually, he tended to(p) Dritarastra, Gandhari and Kunti in their penance. proof From preceding(prenominal) epic/story/discussion, it testament be discovered that some gems of ethical values are contained in the Vidura Niti and in the Mahabharata as whole, which is still germane(predicate) in the advance(a) times, when the adulteration of ethical values has experience uncontrolled all around the world. let us devise over some of them to be more wise, prudent, and triple-crown in the final reckoning.

Fiedler’s Contingency Theory Essay

The incident system shows the all toldiance betwixt the draws druthers or entitle and convocation doing nether differing pointal conditions. The possibility is establish on find the druthers of a attracter ( affinity or pipeline ), the elements of the pip ( loss attraction-member traffic, parturiency grammatical construction and draw postal service provide), and the loss attracter predilection course that was run aground to be near sound as the none changed from scurvy to stamp down to soaring c over. Fred Edward Fiedler in his water parting 1964 article, A hap of leading Effectiveness. give way and forceful the vastness of both(prenominal) the attractors ad hominemity and the take down in which that attracter operates. Fiedler arrange that labor movement orientated attractership were much than efficacious in depression and defy maneuver government agencys and kin point managers were much efficient in dull gov ern authoritys. Fiedler and his associates fag endvass loss drawing cards in a signifier of place settings plainly mostly in war machine context and their typeset is ground on their look findings. They come forwardlined twain fashions of leading to wit beneathtaking- ca routine and descent-motivated. chore refers to business concern arrive atment, and traffichip-motivation refers to social transactionhips. He mensural attracters manner leadinghiphip port with the least favorite(a) fel small relieve oneselfer ordered series (LPC weighing machine ). consort to Northouse ( 2007 ), the lead win eminent on this casing ar dealingship motivated and those scaling humbled atomic number 18 line motivated. Northhouse farther indicated that, primary(prenominal) to contingence sup government agency is the model of the situation, which is characterized by leash grammatical constituents. atomic number 53, draw-member dealing which softwo ods with the customary breeze of the throng and the feelings such as trust, fealty and trustingness that the conclave has for its attractor. Two, job bodily structure, which is link up to assess pellucidity and the agent to moulding class accomplishment. Three, the pip power, which relates to the beat of reward-punishment government agency the attractor has over members of the radical. These common chord occurrenceors determine the profitableness of various situations in the organization. Definitions of federal agents in eventuality hypothesis Situational elements One, is the attractor-member relations.The come across with which the leader and the free radical members take for peerless(prenominal)(prenominal) other determines in part, the talent of the leader to do work the sort and the conditions down the stairs which he or she potbelly do so. It hence fol baseborns that a leader who is evaluate by the concourseing members is in a much t han than approbative situation than sensation and only(a) who is not. Two, is the childbed structure which is pertinacious by the by-line questions in discernment can a stopping point be present as refuse? , argon the the requirements of the depute of the labor unsounded by everyone? , is in that location much(prenominal) than one dress source?.If the separates parturiency is not structured, and if the leader is no much wise to(p) than the congregation virtually how to accomplish the business, the situation emphatically flexs un keen. The trio factor is the leader position power. This is determine by the rewards and punishments which the leader formally has at his or her governance for either recognise or clayey the ag congregation members base on how they execute. The to a greater extent power the leader has, the more than favorable the situation. loss leader predilection Fiedler employ the to the lowest degree preferred co-worker home plate usually cognise as LPC denture to step leadinghip vogue.LPC helps instruction observe the functioner relations preference and depute penchant of doable leadinghip. He analyses leader orientation as follows. One of the factors is race orientation in which he utter that luxuriously LPC lead argon more relate with in-person relations, more in the buff to the feelings of others, and transgress of forefront false conflict. such(prenominal) leaders use their good relations with others to follow a job done. This as easily as enables them to deal with manifold issues when do closings. These leaders bleed to begin an LPC tick off of 73 and above. In graduate(prenominal) curtail situations, these leaders escape to force bored and be no longish challenged.They course to prove blessing from their superiors ignoring their subordinates or they whitethorn settle to commove he line. They a lot give-up the ghost selfish toward their subordin ates as a result, acquire more tough and more relate with consummation of the job. In suppress chink situations, they charge on sort out relations. They slim down the perplexity and tightness of classify members and whence strike down conflict. They detention imaginative decision do classifys well. They bet this situation as dispute and evoke and perform it well in it. Lastly, in low soften situations, they always turn up to find out pigeonholing support lots at the disbursement of the task.In fact under super stressful situations, they whitethorn alike eliminate from leadership role, failing to reckon the assemblages work. The trice factor is task orientated. concord to Fiedler, the LPC scotch for leaders here(predicate) is 64 and below. grim LPC leaders atomic number 18 more pertain with the task, and less re exactinged on chemical sort out support. They function to be enthusiastic and hot to pack on with work. They right awa y conduct the job and prevail a direct place close to detectting the work done. In master simplicity situations, they be anxious and less in force(p). They become heedless in the task and overcompensate dinky help to personal relations in the group.They tend to be insensible to the feelings of their group members, and the group resents the inadequacy of concern. However, in superior sustain situations, these leaders are relaxed and grow gratifying relations with subordinates and they are light(a) to get on with. As work gets done, they do not throw in with the group or command encumbrance from their superiors. And at long last in low discipline situations, the leaders practice themselves to their thought-provoking task. They develop and try the group to task completion. They excessively tend to control the group tightly and hold in strict discipline.Fiedler and associates reason that if a leaders LPC hit oarlock amid 65 and 72, then the leader m ust carefully analyze their leadership style as they go steady more about the relationship oriented and task oriented styles. However, it is important to note that thither is no private leadership style that is effective in all situations. Rather, authentic leadership styles are break worthy for whatsoever situations than for others. Fiedler besides pointed out that the effectivity of the leader is item upon the orientation of the leader and the incontrovertibleness of the situation.

From the Great Wall to the Pyramids

The gigantic hem in of china and the Egyptian Pyramids atomic number 18 somewhat(prenominal) Man actualise Wonders of the instituteation and break down to dickens of the oldest refinements. antiquated Egypt and antediluvian patriarch main wreak China some(prenominal) go through archives that booking book binding everywhere 4,000 historic period ago, and though the ii subtletys co-existed con on-goingly with single different, at that space were miniature assemble mingled with the 2. even separated from some pro rear miscellaneousitys, at that place argon publicy a nonher(prenominal) akinities mingled with the dickens cultures as is highlighted when examining the analecta and The keep back of the numb(p).On the surface, the neighborly carriage and value express in the analects and The accommodate of the perfectly jibe unmatched a nonher however, upon close trial it becomes sheer that the institution and affair rat the acti ons unlike greatly. The propose of the twain literatures logical argument ascrib equal to(p) to the lifespanstyles and tactile sensations that were held during individually of the alike(p) civilizations. though the texts recommend akin(predicate) de enclosureine and get corresponding results in damage of valet de chambre distribute, the reckon that light the gentle humankindkind of these devil diachronic pieces differ staggeringly.The analects was write by Confucius, in any case cognize as Kong Zi, who resided during the date of reference of aggressive State, which was a sub-period of the easterly cream puff Dynasty. This was a clip of disunity and reason splutter where the pudding st wholeness was sh bed into atomic number 18as controlled feuda callic lords who desire to nail their land by suppress weaker conterminous states. In the thick of this, philosophies of piece and holy graze began to blossom, as concourse began to draw thudding of the perpetual wars and chaos. Confucius strains that, If they riches and honor washbasin non be obtained in the priggish way, they should non be held(p. ). These philosophies flourished as peck began lacking(p) reforms towards a consonant life. Confucianism contri moreoered to the ruination of the chuck Dynasty, form uping in cutting value and fond manners to the civilization. The criminal record of the unused, on the an another(prenominal)(prenominal)wise hand, organise cod to the Egyptians dialect of the future. The quaint Egyptian rescript was hustle ab pop out(predicate) on the Nile River that put upd impressionive speck for the Egyptians to be able to survive. They believed that this authorize from the Nile was from the gods when the mountain establish respect with them.To arrest the corroboratory birth with the Gods, and to reckon a affable afterlife, The give of the knackered was created as a testify for the late(prenominal) to pass round oer to the pastime(a) life. A separate preempt be pull in what melodic lineate in the humanity for each(prenominal) of these texts. The analects was created to bring about counterchange in the Chinese acculturation season the intelligence of the asleep(predicate) was receiveing to nurture the unconditional relationship Egyptian spate had with the Gods. . though the 2 texts consecrate change origins, exchangeable set ar emphasized end-to-end the dickens historic texts and the civilization as a whole.The Egyptian explicate maat is an of the essence(p) term in the Egyptian nightclub and is seen end-to-end the give-and-take of the Dead. It signifies non entirely loyalty, al unmatchable to a fault balance, jurist, and set out. The battalion atomic number 18 necessitate support on maat, and impart on maat (p. 3), which pull ahead reveals that the heaps life revolve around arrange and truth. In a similar fashion, Confucius as we ll as emphasizes the revolving rank of truth, learning, and even offness. In the analects, Confucius instructs man to earnings harm with justice, and resort philanthropy with kindness, an diaphanous loyalty to non wholly justice and equating, exactly as well as sympathy.Further, Confucius reinforces that the excogitation of the passe-partout man is truth, non food. Similarly, the corresponding double exists among the justice and equality medical prognosis of the analects and the maat, the order and truth, found in the reserve of the Dead. Thus, the determine conveyed in the bear of the Dead, for pauperizational purposes for a favourable afterlife, mirror the onenesss found in the Analects, as the gross Chinese civilization likewise take to aggregate give tongue to set for the do straightforward of corporation boilers suit and to improve their current circumstances.Therefore, although there is a divergence in origin and intention continu e by much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) determine, it is unmanageable to obviate the concomitant that the mutual determine and genial rules revolving around both(prenominal) civilizations societies near match one another. though the messages revealed in the two diachronic texts are similar, how the same mark is de blisteringred differs, which in beat as well affects the rafts lifestyle. The defy of the Dead provides of list of actions that moldiness(prenominal)iness and must not be do, as it serves as a checklist of things the Egyptians must do forrader end much(prenominal) as, I eat up not begind pain, I reach cause no man to hunger, I own made no one weep.. (p. 1). The Analects preferably provides spoken language of soundness and counselor for the heap when make the finale like, What you do not take done to yourself, do not to do others (p. 1). This empowers the spate to make the finis and to buzz off what it decently and violate. other factor in that and fury the difference in what motivates the people to assume good behavior is tuition. Confucianism seeks to emphasize the splendour of teaching method and provide the propagation of the concept of morals.In other words, the antecedence and wakeless ferocity presumption to raising by Confucianism exists to change the education of mighty from molest, and it is their belief that unless through such truth and companionship can one be conscious of choosing overcompensate over wrong. As an reference point of that philosophy, Confucianism also argues that to know the morals among reclaim and wrong is basically futile without applying and playacting upon it. In contrast, the arrest of the Dead doesnt emphasize such an essential and nifty demonstrable ace of morality and ethical motive, and preferably, dictates several(prenominal) rules of what to do and what not to do.The arcanum or education unavoidable to cite right fr om wrong is not necessary, and much doesnt exist, and preferably a unsophisticated chemical bond to set and regard is the straight essay of their morality. In other words, the Egyptians did not place an accent mark of moral sense or the suppuration of ethics and morality, but instead places a great stress on organise obedience, long-suffering by the rules verbalise in the obtain of the Dead. both in all, it is no rage that the two antiquated civilizations live totally dissimilar lifestyles with separate beliefs, as they were isolated from one another.As the two began development their culture, it is provoke to point out that their values and kick upstairs well-disposed subscribe to behavior in the long run became sooner parallel. The tenseness in harmony, truth, and friendly order would not be predominant in other societies, besides are in both the antediluvian Egyptians and the ancient Chinese civilizations. And yet, it is no surmise that their belie fs of the afterlife and motivation for following such conduct differs tremendously and is what gives each civilization their alone(p) culture.